数据库想要实现主从,并且实现读写分离的话
例如TP配置了读写分离和主从
'DB_TYPE' => 'mysqli', 'DB_HOST' => '154.85.193.115,47.107.79.558',//数据库连接IP 'DB_NAME' => 'sql_55_15_198_1', 'DB_USER' => 'sql_55_15_198_1', 'DB_PWD' => 'xxx', 'DB_PORT' => '3306', 'DB_PREFIX' => 'cmf_', 'DB_CHARSET' => 'utf8mb4', "DB_DEPLOY_TYPE"=>1,//分布式配置 "DB_RW_SEPARATE"=>true,//启用读写分离
如果不指定主库,tp默认会使用第一个会主库进行写,其他是从库,也可以配置多主多从
配置好这个后,主库插入数据还是不能同步到从库去,所以还需要Mysql配置下数据自动同步,原理是从服务器连接主服务器,利用binlog日志进行自动同步
主服务器操作
1.创建一个连接用户
mysql>grant replication slave on *.* to 'repl'@'192.168.0.109' identified by 'repl';
2.编辑my.cnf文件
server-id=1
并开启log-bin二进制日志文件(Mysql需要有/var/lib/mysql/目录的读写权限【可通过chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql命令进行更改】)
其他扩展配置项:
binlog-do-db=mysql1 #需要备份的数据库名,如果备份多个数据库,重复设置这个选项 即可
binlog-ignore-db=mysql2 #不需要备份的数据库名,如果备份多个数据库,重复设置这 个选项即可
log-slave-updates=1 #这个参数一定要加上,否则不会给更新的记录些到二进制文件 里
slave-skip-errors=1 #是跳过错误,继续执行复制操作(可选)
重新启动mysql
3.得到binlog日志文件名和偏移量(此处记住File名称和Position值,后面slave服务器配置时需要用到)
mysql> show master status;
从服务器操作
1.编辑my.cnf文件
rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled=1 绑定主数据库的服务器ID
server-id=2 此数据服务器的id
replicate-do-db=xxx要同步的数据库
2.重启从数据库
3.从数据库进行相应设置
mysql> change master to -> master_host='192.168.0.107', -> master_user='repl', -> master_password='repl', -> master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001', -> master_log_pos=713; mysql> start slave; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> show slave status\G; *************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 192.168.0.107 Master_User: repl Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1079 Relay_Log_File: mysqld-relay-bin.000004 Relay_Log_Pos: 251 Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 1079 Relay_Log_Space: 407 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: 0 Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0 Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error: 1 row in set (0.00 sec) ERROR: No query specified
在这里主要是看:
Slave_IO_Running=Yes
Slave_SQL_Running=Yes
如果出现Slave_IO_Running: No或Slave_SQL_Running: NO,需要对从数据库进行相应设置
如果主从数据库的版本不一致,可能会出现
Got fatal error 1236 from master when reading data from binary log: 'Slave can not handle replication events with the checksum that master is configured to log; the first event 'mysql-bin.000006' at 29861, the last event read from './mysql-bin.000006' at 29861, the last byte read from './mysql-bin.000006' at 120.'
解决方法:mysql> set GLOBAL binlog_checksum =none;
打完收工,现在主库插入数据,从库就会自动同步